Relationship between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous, complex, and widely misunderstood endocrine disorder that affects intermediate metabolism, the cardiovascular and reproductive systems, and has social and psychological consequences. The prevalence and incidence of PCOS is high among women with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). In Mexico, the hyperandrogenic subtype is the most prevalent of the characterized subtypes and is characterized by hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and ovulatory dysfunction. Central obesity plays a role in the development of the hyperandrogenic subtype as adipositopathy can cause a syndrome of insulin resistance and androgen excess, both of which contribute to cardiovascular comorbidities. These two syndromes share similar pathophysiological mechanisms, suggesting that PCOS could be a complication of MetS or vice versa. The purpose of this article is to explore the relationship between MetS and PCOS, with a focus on pathogenesis, infertility, microbiota, comorbidities, and treatment.